Red Teaming is the act of performing Adverserial Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures (TTPs) to represent an attacker, such as a state sponsored threat actor, or an insider threat. It is a term created by the US Military to test battalion readiness (See Geronimo Battalion) or as an OPFOR for allied countries.
The Need
The point of Red Teams is to measure cyber readiness and the physical security of a company, whether internal, or external. The difference betwen a Red Team and a Penetration Test is that red teams aren't disclosed to the blue team or organisation except for an insider contact (the CISO or similar). Watch the video for a small introduction to Red Teaming.
